UNDERCUT

In the realm of certified welding inspection, the term "undercut" holds significant weight, representing a potential threat to the integrity of a welded joint. Undercut refers to the groove or depression formed along the edge of the weld bead, where the base metal has melted but hasn't been adequately filled by the filler metal. This seemingly minor defect can have profound consequences, leading to a weakened joint susceptible to cracking, corrosion, and failure, especially under cyclic loading conditions. The presence of undercut in a welded joint is a cause for concern as it results in a groove that diminishes the cross-sectional thickness of the base metal. This reduction in thickness translates to a weakened workpiece, compromising the structural integrity of the entire assembly. The consequences of undercut are particularly severe in critical applications where the weld is subjected to stress and strain.

Several factors contribute to the formation of undercut, making it imperative to identify and address the root causes during certified welding inspections. Common culprits include excessive welding current, the use of incorrect filler metal, and poor welding technique. Excessive welding current can lead to excessive melting of the base metal, creating an undercut. Using filler metal that doesn't match the specifications outlined in the welding procedure can result in inadequate filling of the weld groove, leading to undercut. Inadequate welding technique, such as improper manipulation of the welding gun or erratic movement during the welding process, can contribute to the formation of undercut.